To convert a mountain bike to a gravel bike, start by changing the tires to ones that are thinner and smoother. The recommended tire size for gravel biking is between 28mm and 40mm. You may also want to replace the saddle with a more comfortable one, adjust the handlebars to a more upright position, and install a new groupset that includes a wider-range cassette and a smaller chainring to make climbing easier. And, you may want to add fenders and a rear rack for carrying gear.

To install mountain bike fenders, start by selecting the right size and type of fender for your bike. Then, remove the necessary bolts or screws from your bike’s fork and seat stays. Attach the fenders to the frame using the provided hardware and adjust the positioning to ensure adequate coverage. Finally, tighten all bolts and screws securely to prevent the fenders from rattling or shifting while riding.

A short travel mountain bike typically refers to a bike that has a suspension system with less than 130mm of travel. These bikes are best suited for cross-country and trail riding because they are lightweight and efficient, allowing riders to climb and descend with ease. Short travel bikes are not designed for aggressive riding on rough terrain or downhill riding as they do not have enough suspension to absorb the impact from jumps and drops.

It is possible to convert a mountain bike into a road bike by switching out the tires and adjusting the gearing. However, it may not perform as well as a traditional road bike since it was not designed for that purpose. Some mountain bike frames may also not be suitable for the geometry of a road bike. It is important to consult a professional before making any modifications to ensure safety and proper function.

Mountain bikes can be expensive due to the quality of the components used, the technology and innovation involved in their design, and the specialized manufacturing processes necessary to produce them. Additionally, high-end materials such as carbon fiber can drive up the cost. The cost of research and development for new technologies and features can also be a factor in the price. Supply and demand also play a role, as the market for high-end performance bikes is smaller than that for more affordable recreational bikes.